Confocal Microscope Principle:

Improvement of fluorescence microscope image is the fundamental function of confocal microscope. Compare with the conventional fluorescence microscope, confocal microscope use laser instead of mercury lamp as its light source. Conducted by the scanner mirrors, the laser beam excite specimen and the specimen emit the fluorescence signal point by point and line by line. The pinhole in the confocal plane obstructs the signal emerging from objects outside the focal plane, so that only light from objects in focus can reach the detector. The image represents an optical section of the specimen and is distinguished by high contrast and high resolution in the X, Y, and Z planes.